FYI May 2008 - Pubs - Journal Articles

The Effect of Vaccinated Children on Increased Hepatitis B Immunization Among High-Risk Adults
AJPH, Vol. 98, No. 5, May 1, 2008
Objectives. We sought to examine trends in hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination among high-risk adults and assess the potential effect vaccinated adolescents have on these trends as they age.
Conclusions. A cohort effect, in which successfully vaccinated adolescents have reached young adulthood, contributes significantly to recent trends showing improved HBV vaccination among high-risk adults.

Health Disparities Probed
JAMA, Vol. 299, No. 16, April 23/30, 2008
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has established a new center to explore how genetic and socioeconomic factors affect health.
The Intramural Center for Genomics and Health Disparities (NICGHD) will use genomics techniques to analyze genetic, clinical, lifestyle, and socioeconomic data to better understand the influences of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension on various populations. The center will be based on the NIH's Bethesda campus and will be administered by the National Human Genome Research Institute. Although the genomes of any 2 individuals are very similar, there are many subtle differences that may contribute to biological traits, such as a person's response to medications or susceptibility to diseases, according to the NIH. It is hoped that by examining the ways these subtle genomic differences interact with each other and with environmental factors, researchers at the new center may provide insights into why some diseases affect various racial or ethnic groups differently. The center's head will be Charles N. Rotimi, MPH, PhD, genetic epidemiologist and former director of the National Human Genome Center at Howard University in Washington, DC.

Report from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): Decision Not to Recommend Routine Vaccination of All Children Aged 2--10 Years with Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MCV4)
MMWR, Vol. 57, No. 17, May 2, 2008
At its February 2008 meeting, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) decided not to recommend routine vaccination of children aged 2--10 years against meningococcal disease unless the child is at increased risk for the disease. This report summarizes the deliberations of ACIP and the rationale for its decision and restates existing recommendations for meningococcal vaccination among children aged 2--10 years at increased risk for meningococcal disease. ACIP continues to recommend routine vaccination against meningococcal disease for all persons aged 11--18 years and those persons aged 2--55 years who are at increased risk for meningococcal disease (1--3).

Updated Recommendation from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for Use of 7-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV7) in Children Aged 24--59 Months Who Are Not Completely Vaccinated
MMWR, Vol. 57, No. 13, April 4, 2008
This notice updates the recommendation for use of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) among children aged 24--59 months who are either unvaccinated or who have a lapse in PCV7 administration.* In February 2000, PCV7, marketed as Prevnar® and manufactured by Wyeth Vaccines (Collegeville, Pennsylvania), was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in infants and young children. At that time, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that children aged 24--59 months who have certain underlying medical conditions or are immunocompromised receive PCV7. In addition, ACIP recommended that PCV7 be considered for all other children aged 24--59 months, with priority given to those who are American Indian/Alaska Native or of African-American descent, and to children who attend group day care centers (1). The recommendation also provided schedules for administering PCV7 to children aged 24--59 months who were either unvaccinated or who had a lapse in PCV7 administration; these schedules included 1) 1 dose of PCV7 for healthy children, and 2) 2 doses of PCV7 >2 months apart for children with certain chronic diseases or immunosuppressive conditions (1).

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